The human brain is an incredible problem-solving machine, and dance is emerging as a powerful tool to enhance its abilities. By strengthening the intricate networks within our brains, dance can pave the way for innovative solutions and improved cognitive function. This is particularly significant when considering neurological disorders. Conditions like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease disrupt existing neural pathways, hindering brain function. However, as neuroscientist and psychotherapist Sofia Martins explains, the brain exhibits remarkable resilience. When pathways are damaged, it endeavors to forge new ones, essentially rerouting and creating alternative resources to perform tasks. Dance, with its complex neurological demands, becomes a catalyst in this process. Martins emphasizes that dance expands the brain’s “options,” empowering it to discover or construct new neural pathways to compensate for those that are compromised.
Partnered dance forms offer unique advantages, especially for individuals grappling with certain neurological conditions. Madeleine Hackney, an associate professor at Emory School of Medicine and former professional contemporary and ballroom dancer, highlights the role of external movement cues. The tactile connection with a dance partner, such as the touch of a hand, can serve as a prompt, enabling the brain to navigate around damaged areas.
Hackney’s research has extensively explored Parkinson’s disease, a condition characterized by movement difficulties stemming from impaired or dying nerve cells in the basal ganglia – a brain region crucial for motor control. A prevalent symptom is freezing of gait, where individuals feel their feet are stuck to the floor. However, Hackney points out a fascinating workaround: “if you put your foot directly in front of the person’s foot,” mirroring a tango step, “they can step over it.” The cue from the partner effectively assists the brain in bypassing the compromised basal ganglia networks, facilitating a switch to a different neural connection.
While the scientific community has delved into dance’s impact on various neurological conditions, including Alzheimer’s and autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson’s disease has been a central focus. Hackney suggests this is partly due to Parkinson’s being a common neurodegenerative disease, presenting “obviously very salient problems of motor ability,” making the effects of dance more readily observable and measurable.
David Leventhal, a former dancer with the Mark Morris Dance Group and the program director and founding teacher of Dance for PD, is a leading voice in this field. He has co-authored numerous scientific papers on the intersection of dance and Parkinson’s, contributing significantly to the growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic benefits of dance.
While television shows like “So You Think You Can Dance” captivate audiences with the artistry and athleticism of dance, the neurological advantages reveal a deeper dimension to this art form. Dance is not just entertainment; it’s a potent exercise for the brain, offering pathways to improved function and well-being, particularly for those facing neurological challenges.
