Every nation boasts its unique cultural expressions, and Germany is no exception, particularly when it comes to traditional dances. These Dances From Germany, often performed in vibrant costumes adorned with ribbons and bows, are more than just steps; they are a journey through history and social customs. While you might not see these moves in a typical Berlin nightclub, exploring German folk dance is a fascinating dive into the country’s heritage, especially for those interested in ballroom or stage dancing.
The origins of some dances from germany stretch back to the Neolithic era, long before Germany was a unified nation. Many traditional dances evolved from simple peasant dances, a way to bring joy and community into everyday life. Over time, some were adopted and refined by higher social classes. Interestingly, these seemingly modest dances were sometimes met with disapproval from neighboring countries, who viewed close partner dances as scandalous. Today, you can still witness the vibrancy of these traditions at festivals like May Day celebrations in Bavaria and other festive regions throughout Germany.
Zwiefacher: The Dance of Shifting Rhythms
Primarily known in Bavaria, the Zwiefacher is a dance as intriguing as its name, which translates to “twice” or “double.” Contrary to what the name might suggest, it doesn’t directly relate to the rhythm, though the dance is characterized by its alternating time signatures, shifting between 3/4 and 2/4 meters. Some speculate that the name “Zwiefacher” hints at the close partnership inherent in the dance, a notable intimacy for its time. This dynamic rhythm and close partner work make the Zwiefacher a unique and captivating example of dances from germany.
Expressionist Dance: Movement as Metaphysical Experience
Expressionist dance, or Ausdruckstanz, flourished in Germany during the Weimar period, becoming a significant movement in the early 20th century. Pioneers like Mary Wigman and Rudolf von Laban championed this form, viewing dance as a profound metaphysical and emotional experience. Wigman, a student of Laban, translated his theories into intensely personal and existential performances. Her iconic works, such as “Dance of the Witches” and “Dance of Death,” remain among the most recognized dances from germany from this era. Wigman’s tours in the USA were instrumental in establishing Expressionist dance as distinctly German and significantly influenced the development of modern dance in America. Sadly, due to its strong association with Germany, the movement faced suppression in the late 1930s, with many dancers forced into exile as Expressionist dance was deemed anti-nationalistic by the rising regime.
Schuhplattler: Slapping Shoes in Alpine Style
If you’ve encountered a dance where men, in lines or circles, rhythmically slap the soles of their shoes against their thighs and knees, you’ve witnessed the Schuhplattler. This is not only one of the most visually distinctive dances from germany but also one of the oldest globally, potentially dating back to 3000 BC. Records of the dance appear around 1030 AD, documented by a Bavarian monk. Historically, the Schuhplattler was a dance of the Bavarian and Tyrolean Alps, performed by farmers, hunters, and woodsmen. Male dancers typically wear lederhosen with suspenders, paired with grey, green, or white knee-length socks. Women, when participating, traditionally wear dirndls, adding to the vibrant cultural display of this energetic dance.
Der Deutsche: Ancestor of the Waltz
Der Deutsche, meaning “The German,” is a dance where couples move in circles to music in 3/4 or 3/8 time. Emerging in the mid-18th century, it’s considered a precursor to the globally renowned waltz. This dance represents a key step in the evolution of social dances in Germany and Europe, paving the way for more intimate partner dances. Its historical significance marks Der Deutsche as an important piece in the lineage of dances from germany.
The Ländler: Hopping, Stomping, and Yodeling
The Ländler is another lively dance characterized by hopping and stomping movements, often accompanied by yodeling. It too played a significant role in the evolution of the waltz. Its influence was so profound in German music and dance that renowned composers like Beethoven and Schubert incorporated it into their compositions, impacting many other composers as well. This traditional dance involves couples in dynamic patterns – turning under arms, dancing back-to-back, and frequent spins, all set to 3/4 time music. Originating as a peasant dance, the Ländler eventually gained popularity across all social strata, highlighting the fluidity of cultural exchange within dances from germany.
The Waltz: From Bavaria to the World
The Waltz, derived from the German verb walzen, meaning “to roll, turn, or glide,” has roots in Austria and Bavaria. It started as a peasant dance but rapidly ascended to popularity in high society. Initially, the waltz faced criticism for its close embrace, considered improper by some. Religious leaders even condemned it as vulgar. A quote from The Times of London in 1816 captures this sentiment perfectly: “We remarked with pain that the indecent foreign dance called the Waltz was introduced (we believe for the first time) at the English court on Friday last … it is quite sufficient to cast one’s eyes on the voluptuous intertwining of the limbs and close compressure on the bodies in their dance, to see that it is indeed far removed from the modest reserve which has hitherto been considered distinctive of English females … we feel it a duty to warn every parent against exposing his daughter to so fatal a contagion.” (Source: The Times of London, July 16, 1816). Despite initial controversy, the waltz became one of the most enduring and globally recognized dances, a testament to the lasting impact of dances from germany on worldwide culture.
Maypole Dances: A Celebration of Spring
Maypole dances are less about specific steps and more about communal festivities and rituals. The tradition is widely believed to stem from Germanic paganism. In Bavaria, particularly on May Day (May 1st), villages erect a decorated maypole, often a tree trunk, and perform dances around it. This tradition is a vibrant expression of community and the celebration of spring, deeply rooted in the cultural heritage of dances from germany.
Exploring dances from germany offers a fascinating glimpse into the country’s history, social evolution, and cultural identity. From the rhythmic Schuhplattler to the elegant Waltz, these dances are more than just movements; they are stories told through generations, continuing to enrich German cultural life and captivate audiences worldwide.
